Computer
Hardware Question 17: What is the central processing unit (CPU)?
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| The CPU and Processing System |
Answer: The central processing unit
is the computer's main processing device. It functions through the interaction
of three different units: (1) the control unit that interprets instructions and
directs the processing, (2) the arithmetic/logic unit that performs arithmetic
operations and makes comparisons, and (3) the primary storage unit that
temporarily stores data during processing (main memory).The central processing
unit is the most complex of the computer's hardware components, directing most
of the information processing activities. Each new generation of CPUs adds new
processing capabilities and, at the same time gets faster. As new processing
methods are invented, new ways of miniaturizing the required circuits are also
devised. This miniaturization has resulted in ever smaller, faster computers.
Microcomputers that fit comfortably on your desk now have more processing power
than mainframe computers that used to fill an entire room.
Today's CPUs are incredibly complex
devices. To understand them, it is best to view them in terms of their
function. Functionally, the CPU is composed of two main parts, the control unit
and the arithmetic logic unit.
The CPU and processing system is illustrated below.
The CPU and processing system is illustrated below.
